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Variability in Asthma Inflammatory Phenotype in Induced Sputum. Frequency and Causes
Guillermo Suárez-Cuartín1, Astrid Crespo1, Eder Mateus1
1Servicio de Neumología, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigació Biomédica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.
Archivos De Bronconeumologia
|May 9, 2015
Summary
Asthma inflammatory phenotypes in induced sputum (IS) can change over time. Smoking and recent asthma exacerbations are linked to this variability, impacting clinical classification.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Allergy and Immunology
- Respiratory Medicine
Background:
- Asthma inflammatory phenotypes, identified through induced sputum (IS) analysis, exhibit variability.
- Understanding the frequency and drivers of this variability is crucial for effective asthma management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the frequency of inflammatory phenotype variability in induced sputum (IS) of asthma patients.
- To identify factors associated with changes in IS inflammatory phenotypes over time.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective observational study included 61 asthma patients with at least two IS tests over 5 years.
- Patients were classified by baseline phenotype and phenotype variability (persistent eosinophilic, non-eosinophilic, intermittent eosinophilic).
- Demographic, clinical, functional data, and potential influencing factors were collected.
Main Results:
- Over half (50.8%) of patients showed a change in their IS inflammatory phenotype.
- Variability was observed across eosinophilic, neutrophilic, mixed, and paucigranulocytic phenotypes.
- Smoking (OR=6.44) and recent asthma exacerbation (OR=5.84) were significantly associated with increased phenotype variability.
Conclusions:
- Approximately half of asthma patients, particularly those with eosinophilic phenotypes, experience changes in their IS inflammatory classification.
- Smoking and recent asthma exacerbations are key factors influencing this observed variability.
- These factors may necessitate adjustments in the classification and management of asthma phenotypes in clinical practice.
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