Intracranial Infectious Aneurysm in Orbital Cellulitis

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Neurology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Orbital cellulitis, often stemming from sinusitis, is a serious infection requiring prompt management.
• Rare but severe complications can arise, impacting both ocular and intracranial structures.

Observation:

• A 46-year-old male with sinusitis and orbital cellulitis developed an orbital mass, necessitating surgical intervention.
• Post-operative complications included contralateral ptosis and extraocular motor palsy following sinus debridement.
• Imaging revealed a pseudoaneurysm of the internal carotid artery.

Findings:

• Infectious intracranial aneurysms and cavernous sinus thrombosis are rare sequelae of orbital cellulitis.
• A pseudoaneurysm of the internal carotid artery was identified and successfully treated with a stent.
• The case highlights the potential for rapid progression of vascular abnormalities.

Implications:

• Patients with orbital cellulitis require vigilant monitoring for unusual neurological and vascular complications.
• Noninvasive imaging studies, such as cerebral angiography, are essential for early diagnosis of vascular issues.
• Prompt identification and treatment of vascular abnormalities can prevent severe morbidity.