Unconventional gradient coil designs in magnetic resonance imaging

Area of Science:

• Medical Imaging
• Biophysics
• Electrical Engineering

Background:

• Gradient coils are essential for spatial encoding in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
• Advancements in MRI techniques necessitate innovative gradient coil designs for new clinical and research applications.
• Existing gradient coil systems face challenges like peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS).

Purpose of the Study:

• To review four unconventional gradient coil designs for MRI.
• To provide insights into the historical development and future potential of gradient coil technology.
• To highlight designs addressing limitations in current MRI systems.

Main Methods:

• Review of chronological development of local gradient coils (head coils).
• Description of various coil configurations designed to reduce peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS).
• Illustration of dedicated gradient coil designs for hybrid imaging systems (e.g., MRI-LINAC).
• Discussion of non-layered, full 3D gradient coil structures.

Main Results:

• Local gradient coils have evolved through distinct developmental stages.
• Several gradient coil designs effectively mitigate PNS issues in both local and whole-body systems.
• Dedicated gradient coil designs are feasible for integrated hybrid medical systems.
• Non-layered 3D coil designs offer alternative structural approaches.

Conclusions:

• Unconventional gradient coil designs are vital for the progression of MRI technology.
• Innovations in gradient coils can expand the capabilities of MRI for diverse medical applications.
• This review provides a foundation for future research and development in MRI gradient systems.