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Vitamin D supplementation: a comprehensive review on supplementation for tuberculosis prophylaxis
Eleanor Rachel Turnbull1, Francis Drobniewski
1Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Garrod Building, Turner Street, Greater London E1 2AD, UK.
Abstract:
Vitamin D plays a large role in the innate immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection, activation and progression. Likewise, vitamin D deficiency is shown by evidence presented here to be a known risk factor for developing both MTB infection and active tuberculosis (TB). This comprehensive review discusses the evidence and remaining questions regarding vitamin D supplementation as a prophylactic measure in those who are at high risk of MTB infection and active TB. Vitamin D supplementation is routinely prescribed for osteoporosis prevention; yet, guidelines are lacking for its prescription for TB prevention, despite the adverse effects being rare. Policymakers are urged here to review the literature and provide urgent guidelines on vitamin D supplementation for TB prophylaxis.
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