Obesity management in Prader-Willi syndrome

Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is one of the most common genetic causes of obesity. The phenotype of obesity in PWS is unique and characterized by hyperphagia, earlier meal initiation, delayed meal termination, reduced energy expenditure, abnormal gut hormone profiles, as well as irregular responses to food in areas of the brain associated with satiety and reward. Management of obesity is necessary to avoid major morbidity. The relentless food-seeking behavior associated with PWS such as stealing, hoarding food, eating inedibles, and lying about eating, can cause turmoil both inside and outside of the home. Management is challenging for both patients and caretakers, but at this time there are limited medical therapies available besides dietary restriction and behavior management. However, current research shows promise for discovery of additional treatment options for hyperphagia and obesity management in PWS.