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The rise and fall of poly(ADP-ribose): An enzymatic perspective
John M Pascal1, Tom Ellenberger2
1Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Sydney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
Abstract:
Human cells respond to DNA damage with an acute and transient burst in production of poly(ADP-ribose), a posttranslational modification that expedites damage repair and plays a pivotal role in cell fate decisions. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) and glycohydrolase (PARG) are the key set of enzymes that orchestrate the rise and fall in cellular levels of poly(ADP-ribose). In this perspective, we focus on recent structural and mechanistic insights into the enzymes involved in poly(ADP-ribose) production and turnover, and we highlight important questions that remain to be answered.
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