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Mean flow velocity patterns within a ventricular assist device.

J T Baldwin1, J M Tarbell, S Deutsch

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University Park, 16802.

ASAIO Transactions
|July 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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This study measured fluid flow in a ventricular assist device (VAD) model. A vortex improves wall washing but may hinder inflow, and retrograde velocities suggest potential regurgitation near prosthetic valves.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Cardiovascular Devices

Background:

  • Ventricular assist devices (VADs) are crucial for end-stage heart failure.
  • Understanding internal flow dynamics is key to optimizing VAD performance and longevity.
  • Prosthetic heart valves, like Bjork-Shiley tilting disk valves, influence flow patterns within VADs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively assess fluid velocity profiles within a 70 cm3 Penn State electric VAD model.
  • To investigate the impact of internal geometry and prosthetic valves on flow dynamics.
  • To identify regions of high velocity, vortex formation, and potential regurgitation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) to measure velocities at 127 locations.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Employed a blood analog fluid matching blood viscosity and plexiglass refractive index.
  • Collected 250 velocity realizations at eight points per pump cycle, followed by ensemble averaging.

    • Main Results:

    • Highest mean velocities observed during systole in the VAD outlet tract and during diastole in the major mitral valve orifice.
    • A persistent vortex formed during early diastole effectively washes VAD walls but may impede flow through the minor mitral valve orifice.
    • Retrograde velocities along the outlet tract wall during diastole suggest a regurgitant jet near the prosthetic valve.

    Conclusions:

    • The VAD's internal flow exhibits complex patterns influenced by valve function and device geometry.
    • The identified vortex plays a dual role, aiding wall clearance while potentially obstructing inflow.
    • Observed retrograde flow patterns warrant further investigation for potential implications on VAD durability and patient outcomes.