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Related Concept Videos

Cranial Nerves: Types Part I01:14

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Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves, with the first six being essential in sensory perception, motor control, and autonomic functions related to the head and neck.
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Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves. While the first six innervate the head and neck, the latter six nerves innervate the head and neck, as well as organs and tissues in the thoracic and abdominal cavities. They facilitate communication, expression, and autonomic control within the human body.
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The cranial nerves are an important part of the complex network of nerves in the human body. These nerves emerge directly from the brain and are responsible for transmitting essential information between the brain and various parts of the head and neck. There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves, systematically numbered using Roman numerals from I to XII, beginning from the anterior and moving to the posterior of the brain. Each cranial nerve is uniquely identified by names that reflect its function...
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RADIOLOGY OF THE MONTH: Vocal Cord Dysfunction with Multiple Cranial Neuropathies.

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A 67-year-old female experienced progressive hoarseness, shoulder weakness, and cough. Diagnostic imaging revealed unilateral vocal cord paralysis, prompting further investigation into the cause.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Otolaryngology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • A 67-year-old female presented with a six-month history of progressive hoarseness, shoulder weakness, and cough.
  • The patient had no history of weight loss, tobacco use, or prior head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Observation:

  • Physical examination revealed asymmetry in the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles.
  • Flexible laryngoscopy demonstrated complete unilateral vocal cord paralysis on the right side.

Findings:

  • Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging of the brain and computer tomography (CT) of the neck soft tissues were performed for further evaluation.
  • The imaging aimed to identify the underlying cause of the vocal cord paralysis and associated symptoms.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of a thorough diagnostic workup for unilateral vocal cord paralysis.
  • Identifying the etiology is crucial for appropriate patient management and prognosis.
  • The combination of symptoms suggests a potential neurological or structural issue affecting the recurrent laryngeal nerve or its pathway.