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Biochar amendment to soil changes dissolved organic matter content and composition.

Andreas Smebye1, Vanja Alling2, Rolf D Vogt3

  • 1Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), P.O. Box 3930, Ullevål Stadion, NO-0806 Oslo, Norway; Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo (UiO), P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway.

Chemosphere
|May 19, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Biochar amendments significantly increase dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in acidic soils by raising pH and promoting DOM solubility. This soil amendment alters dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition, potentially increasing its leaching and aromaticity.

Keywords:
AcrisolBiocharDissolved organic matterSoil amendmentSorption

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Area of Science:

  • Soil Science
  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Biogeochemistry

Background:

  • Biochar amendments improve soil fertility by enhancing pH, cation-exchange-capacity, and water-holding-capacity.
  • Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is the mobile and bioavailable fraction of soil organic matter, crucial for nutrient cycling.
  • The impact of biochar on DOM content and composition remains under-researched.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of two distinct biochar amendments on DOM in acidic acrisol and pH-neutral brown soils.
  • To determine how biochar influences DOM solubility, desorption, and binding characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Batch experiments were conducted using acidic acrisol and pH-neutral brown soil amended with biochar (10 wt.%).
  • Measurements included soil pH, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration, and DOM-water partitioning coefficients (Kd-values).
  • Sorption of reference DOM materials to biochar was analyzed to understand compositional effects.

Main Results:

  • Biochar amendment to acidic acrisol increased soil pH from 4.9 to 8.7, leading to a 15-fold increase in DOC concentration (4.5 to 69 mg L(-1)).
  • Increased pH correlated with higher DOM solubility and desorption from mineral sites.
  • Biochar exhibited preferential sorption of aliphatic DOM over aromatic DOM, with Kd-values ranging from 0.2 to 590 L kg(-1), potentially due to size exclusion in micropores.

Conclusions:

  • Biochar amendments can significantly increase DOM release and alter its composition in soils, favoring larger, more aromatic molecules.
  • These changes may enhance DOM leaching potential from soils.
  • Biochar's interaction with DOM influences soil organic matter dynamics and nutrient availability.