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The interplay between DNA repair and autophagy in cancer therapy

Dan Zhang1, Bo Tang, Xia Xie

  • 1a Department of Gastroenterology; Xinqiao Hospital; Third Military Medical University ; Chongqing , China.

Cancer Biology & Therapy
|May 19, 2015
PubMed

Insights

DNA repair and autophagy are crucial for cancer cell survival and drug response. Understanding their interplay is key to developing effective anticancer therapies targeting these cellular programs.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • DNA damage is a primary target in anticancer treatments.
  • Cellular survival pathways like DNA repair and autophagy are upregulated in cancer cells.
  • These pathways significantly influence the effectiveness of cancer therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the complex relationship between DNA repair and autophagy in cancer.
  • To explore how this interplay affects anticancer treatment outcomes.
  • To identify potential therapeutic strategies based on this interaction.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on DNA repair and autophagy mechanisms in cancer.
  • Analysis of studies investigating the crosstalk between DNA repair and autophagy.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on their roles in therapeutic response.

Main Results:

  • Autophagy regulates DNA repair proteins, influencing their stability and degradation post-DNA damage.
  • Certain DNA repair molecules are essential for initiating autophagy.
  • The balance between DNA repair and autophagy is critical for cancer cell survival and drug resistance.

Conclusions:

  • The interplay between DNA repair and autophagy presents a significant target for cancer treatment.
  • Further research into this relationship could lead to novel and more effective anticancer strategies.
  • Targeting both DNA repair and autophagy pathways may enhance therapeutic efficacy.
Keywords:
AMPK, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinaseATG5, autophagy-related gene 5ATM, ataxia-telangiectasia mutatedATR, ATM and Rad3-relatedBER, base excision repairChk1, check-point kinase 1Chk2, check-point kinase 2DDR, DNA damage responseDNA damageDNA damage responseDNA repairDNA-PKcs, DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunitDSBs, double-strand breaksHDAC, histone deacetylasesHR, homologous recombinationIR, ionizing radiationMGMT, O6 methylguanine –DNA methyltransferaseMMR, mismatch repairMRN, Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1NER, nucleotide excision recombinationNHEJ, non-homologous end joiningOGG1, 8-oxoguannine DNA glycosidasePARP-1, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinasePML, promyelocytic leukemiaSSBs, single-strand breakTMZ, temozolomideTSC2, tuberous sclerosis complex 2anticancer therapyapoptosisautophagycell cycle arrestmTOR, mammalian target of rapamycinγ-H2AX, phosphorylated histone

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