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Active play opportunities at child care.

Pooja S Tandon1, Brian E Saelens2, Dimitri A Christakis2

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Preschoolers have limited active play opportunities at child care, with most time spent sedentary. Increasing outdoor and child-led activities is crucial for meeting physical activity recommendations.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Child Development
  • Physical Activity Research

Background:

  • Preschoolers are not meeting recommended physical activity (PA) levels.
  • Child care settings play a significant role in children's daily PA.
  • Understanding PA opportunities within child care is vital for health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine different types of PA opportunities in child care settings.
  • To investigate how indoor/outdoor and free/teacher-led activities influence children's PA.
  • To identify factors limiting PA in preschool child care.

Main Methods:

  • Observational study of 98 preschoolers (mean age 4.5 years) across 10 child care centers.
  • Accelerometers used to measure children's activity levels during observations.
  • Categorization of time into active play opportunities (APOs) and non-APOs, including indoor/outdoor and free/teacher-led variations.

Main Results:

  • Children spent 73% of their time sedentary, with only 14% in moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA).
  • Active play opportunities (APOs) were infrequent, with outdoor free play being the most common type.
  • Children were more active and less sedentary during outdoor and child-initiated (free play) APOs compared to indoor or teacher-led activities.

Conclusions:

  • Preschoolers receive insufficient opportunities for physical activity in child care settings.
  • Increasing the frequency and duration of APOs, especially outdoors and child-initiated, is recommended.
  • Flexibility in naptime and promoting varied active play are essential for meeting PA guidelines.