Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 12, 2026

Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System
Published on: April 11, 2025
Construction of intracardiac vectorcardiogram from implantable cardioverter-defibrillator intracardiac electrograms
Elyar Ghafoori1, Muammar M Kabir1, Jian Cao2
1Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR.
Abstract:
We constructed an intracardiac vectorcardiogram from 3 configurations of intracardiac cardiovertor defibrilator (ICD) electrograms (EGMs). Six distinctive 3 lead combinations were selected out of five leads: can to right ventricular coil (RVC); RVC to superior vena cava coil (SVC); atrial lead tip (A-tip) to right ventricular (RV)-ring; can to RV-ring; RV-tip to RVC, in a patient with dual chamber ICD. Surface spatial QRS-T angle (119.8°) was similar to intracardiac spatial QRS-T angle derived from ICD EGMs combination A (101.3°), B (96.1°), C (92.8°), D (95.2), E (99.0), F (96.2) and median (101.5). Future validation of the novel method is needed.
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