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Related Concept Videos

Criticisms of the Evolutionary Perspective01:23

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In a study where individuals posing as strangers offered compliments and proposed casual sex to students, the responses differed significantly based on gender. Not a single woman accepted the proposal, while 70% of the men agreed. This outcome provides a useful scenario to explore through the lens of evolutionary psychology and social learning theory, highlighting the diverse perspectives on human sexual behaviors.
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When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
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An evolutionary perspective on the Crabtree effect.

Thomas Pfeiffer1, Annabel Morley1

  • 1New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study, Massey University Auckland, New Zealand.

Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences
|May 20, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Crabtree-positive yeasts ferment sugars to ethanol even with oxygen, a trait with low energy yield. This review suggests rapid ATP production is the key evolutionary advantage driving this surprising yeast fermentation strategy.

Keywords:
Crabtree effectevolution of metabolismevolutionary game theoryrespiro-fermentationyeast energy metabolism

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Area of Science:

  • * Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • * Evolutionary Biology
  • * Microbial Metabolism

Background:

  • * Yeasts possess the metabolic capability to ferment sugars into ethanol.
  • * Crabtree-positive yeasts exhibit fermentation in the presence of oxygen, bypassing more energy-efficient respiration.
  • * The evolutionary drivers for the Crabtree effect, despite its lower ATP yield compared to respiration, are debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To analyze proposed explanations for the emergence of the Crabtree effect.
  • * To investigate the selective advantages of the Crabtree effect from evolutionary and game-theoretical viewpoints.
  • * To determine the primary factor contributing to the evolution of the Crabtree effect in yeasts.

Main Methods:

  • * Literature review and analysis of existing research on yeast metabolism and evolution.
  • * Application of evolutionary and game-theoretical frameworks to understand metabolic traits.
  • * Comparative analysis of fermentation and respiration pathways in yeasts.

Main Results:

  • * Identified genetic events linked to the evolution of the Crabtree effect.
  • * Evaluated various hypotheses regarding the selective advantages of this trait.
  • * Found that a higher rate of ATP production is the most probable factor driving the Crabtree effect's emergence.

Conclusions:

  • * The Crabtree effect in yeasts, while seemingly inefficient, is likely driven by the advantage of rapid ATP generation.
  • * Evolutionary and game-theoretical perspectives provide valuable insights into metabolic trait evolution.
  • * Understanding the Crabtree effect is crucial for comprehending yeast adaptation and biotechnology.