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Visual Inspection for Caries Detection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

T Gimenez¹, C Piovesan², M M Braga¹

¹Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

Journal of Dental Research

|May 22, 2015

Summary

Visual inspection methods demonstrate good accuracy for detecting dental caries. Using validated scoring systems significantly improves diagnostic performance, despite study heterogeneity and publication bias.

Keywords:

ROC curve dental caries evidence-based dentistry oral diagnosis performance sensitivity and specificity

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Area of Science:

Dentistry
Diagnostic Accuracy
Public Health

Background:

Dental caries detection is crucial for timely intervention.
Visual inspection is a primary diagnostic method.
Variability in visual methods may affect accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review and meta-analyze the accuracy of visual methods for caries detection.
To identify factors influencing diagnostic performance and heterogeneity.

Main Methods:

Systematic literature search of multiple databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus) up to July 2014.
Inclusion of studies assessing visual inspection accuracy on various tooth surfaces.
Meta-analysis calculating pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio.

Main Results:

Visual methods show good overall accuracy for detecting caries lesions.
Clinical studies exhibited higher specificity than laboratory studies.
Significant heterogeneity and publication bias were observed across studies.
Validated visual scoring systems yielded superior accuracy compared to non-standardized criteria.

Conclusions:

Visual caries detection is generally effective.
Validated indices enhance diagnostic accuracy.
Addressing heterogeneity and bias is important for reliable visual caries detection.