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Related Concept Videos

X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

27.0K
The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
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Determination of Crystal Structures01:29

Determination of Crystal Structures

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In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...
118
X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples01:10

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples

5.2K
X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are  scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The  X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 12, 2026

Fixed Target Serial Data Collection at Diamond Light Source
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Fixed Target Serial Data Collection at Diamond Light Source

Published on: February 26, 2021

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X-ray lasers and serial crystallography.

John C H Spence1

  • 1Physics, Arizona State University , Tempe, AZ 85287-1504, USA.

Iucrj
|May 22, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The first X-ray laser applications in serial crystallography in 2009 revolutionized structural biology. These advancements opened new avenues for studying biological molecules with unprecedented detail.

Keywords:
X-ray lasersserial crystallography

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Area of Science:

  • Structural biology
  • Biophysics
  • X-ray science

Background:

  • Serial crystallography emerged as a powerful technique for determining protein structures.
  • Limitations existed in data collection and analysis for traditional methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the impact of the initial X-ray laser applications in serial crystallography.
  • To highlight the opportunities created by this technological advancement.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized X-ray Free Electron Lasers (XFELs) for serial crystallography.
  • Employed related methods for enhanced data acquisition and analysis.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the feasibility and advantages of using X-ray lasers for crystallographic studies.
  • Achieved significant progress in determining structures of challenging biomolecules.

Conclusions:

  • The advent of X-ray lasers marked a milestone in structural biology.
  • Future research opportunities include higher resolution studies and in-situ analyses.