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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
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Calcitonin, a vital polypeptide hormone, regulates calcium levels within body fluids. It is released by the parafollicular cells, also known as C cells, situated in the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin responds to fluctuations in blood calcium levels and the influence of gastrointestinal hormones like gastrin and cholecystokinin.
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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
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Association between computed tomography-detected calcification and thyroid carcinoma.

W Liu, X Dong, C Zhu

    Neoplasma
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    Summary

    Computed tomography (CT) detected calcification in thyroid nodules is more common in malignant cases than benign ones. While CT calcification can suggest thyroid cancer, further diagnostic tests are still necessary.

    Keywords:
    calcinosiscomputed tomography.thyroid neoplasmthyroid nodule

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    Area of Science:

    • Radiology
    • Oncology
    • Pathology

    Background:

    • Distinguishing benign from malignant thyroid nodules is crucial for appropriate patient management.
    • Computed tomography (CT) is a common imaging modality for evaluating thyroid nodules.
    • The presence and characteristics of calcification on CT may offer clues to nodule malignancy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the diagnostic utility of CT-detected calcification in differentiating benign from malignant thyroid nodules.
    • To correlate calcification patterns on CT with pathological findings in thyroid nodules.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of 930 patients with pathologically confirmed thyroid nodules.
    • Review of CT images to identify and characterize calcifications.
    • Correlation of calcification presence and CT findings with final pathological diagnosis.

    Main Results:

    • Calcification was detected in 24.84% of all nodules.
    • The incidence of calcification was significantly higher in malignant thyroid carcinomas (52.38%) compared to benign nodules (18.77%).
    • CT calcification demonstrated a sensitivity of 52.38% and specificity of 81.23% for detecting thyroid carcinoma. Microcalcification did not show significant difference between groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Calcification on CT is more prevalent in malignant thyroid nodules than benign ones.
    • CT-detected calcification can serve as an indicator for potential malignancy in thyroid nodules.
    • Further investigations like fine-needle aspiration or surgery are essential for definitive diagnosis.