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Detecting the Lyme Disease Spirochete, Borrelia Burgdorferi, in Ticks Using Nested PCR
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Nervous system Lyme disease.

John J Halperin1

  • 1Department of Neurosciences, Overlook Medical Center, 99 Beauvoir Avenue, Summit, NJ 07902, USA; Department of Neurology and Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.

Infectious Disease Clinics of North America
|May 23, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lyme disease can cause neurological issues like meningitis and nerve inflammation in 15% of untreated patients. Early serologic testing and antibiotics, including oral options for European neuroborreliosis, are effective treatments.

Keywords:
Borrelia burgdorferiCentral nervous systemGarin-Bujadoux Bannwarth syndromeIntrathecal antibodyLyme diseaseNervous systemNeuroborreliosisPeripheral nervous system

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Untreated Borrelia burgdorferi infection, the cause of Lyme disease, can lead to neurological complications in up to 15% of patients.
  • These neurological manifestations include lymphocytic meningitis, cranial neuritis, and radiculoneuritis, presenting as multifocal peripheral nervous system (PNS) involvement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the neurological manifestations of Borrelia burgdorferi infection.
  • To discuss diagnostic methods and treatment strategies for neuroborreliosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations of Borrelia burgdorferi infection affecting the nervous system.
  • Analysis of diagnostic accuracy of serologic testing and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) antibody detection.
  • Evaluation of antimicrobial treatment efficacy for neuroborreliosis.

Main Results:

  • Serologic testing for Borrelia burgdorferi infection demonstrates high accuracy 4-6 weeks post-infection.
  • Anti-Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies are frequently detected in CSF in cases of central nervous system (CNS) infection.
  • Oral antimicrobials are highly effective for most patients with acute European neuroborreliosis; severe cases may necessitate parenteral therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment of Borrelia burgdorferi infection are crucial to prevent or manage neurological complications.
  • While oral antibiotics are effective for most cases, severe neuroborreliosis may require intravenous treatment.
  • Fatigue and cognitive symptoms in patients with Lyme disease are not necessarily indicative of CNS infection.