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Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management01:21

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Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
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Myocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:22

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Myocarditis is an inflammatory condition of the myocardium requiring meticulous nursing management for optimal patient outcomes. Effective management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's medical history, paying close attention to past infections, autoimmune disorders, travel history, and exposure to toxins or drugs. Recent viral infections and systemic diseases are particularly relevant due to their potential role in triggering myocarditis.Physical Examination and MonitoringThe...
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Myocarditis III: Medical Management01:14

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Myocarditis: Comprehensive Medical ManagementMyocarditis, the heart muscle inflammation, requires a comprehensive medical management strategy that addresses the underlying cause, provides supportive care, manages symptoms, and reduces cardiac workload.Infections and Autoimmune CausesAdminister appropriate antimicrobial therapy when an infectious agent causes myocarditis. For instance, penicillin treats infections caused by Group A Streptococcus. In cases where autoimmune processes are...
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Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

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Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
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Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

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IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular...
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Pericarditis III: Medical Management01:17

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The primary objectives of managing pericarditis are to determine the underlying cause, provide effective therapy for treatment and symptom relief, and promptly detect signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade. The following outlines the essential aspects of medical management for pericarditis:ObjectivesDetermine the Cause: Identifying the underlying cause of pericarditis is crucial for targeted treatment. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, post-cardiac injury syndrome, and...
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Author Spotlight: Effectiveness of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy in Achilles Tendinopathy Treatment
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Medial epicondylitis: evaluation and management.

Nirav H Amin, Neil S Kumar, Mark S Schickendantz

    The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
    |May 24, 2015
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    Summary

    Medial epicondylitis, or golfer's elbow, involves flexor-pronator tendon degeneration causing elbow pain. Treatment focuses on non-surgical care and rehabilitation to prevent recurrence.

    Area of Science:

    • Orthopedics
    • Sports Medicine
    • Tendon Pathology

    Background:

    • Medial epicondylitis, commonly known as golfer's elbow, is a frequent condition.
    • It stems from flexor-pronator tendon degeneration due to repetitive wrist and forearm motions.
    • Pathologic changes can lead to structural breakdown, fibrosis, or calcification.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To summarize the pathology, clinical presentation, and management of medial epicondylitis.
    • To outline the progression from initial symptoms to potential structural damage.
    • To detail current non-surgical and surgical treatment strategies.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of medial epicondylitis pathology and treatment.
    • Analysis of clinical presentation and exacerbating activities.

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  • Summary of non-surgical interventions (activity modification, NSAIDs, injections) and surgical options.

    • Main Results:

    • Patients experience persistent medial elbow pain aggravated by daily activities and specific athletic movements.
    • Non-surgical treatments aim to alleviate acute symptoms and facilitate rehabilitation.
    • Surgical intervention is reserved for refractory cases.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective management of golfer's elbow involves addressing acute pain and focusing on long-term flexor-pronator mass rehabilitation and prevention.
    • Early intervention and appropriate care can prevent progression to irreparable tendon damage.