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Related Concept Videos

Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Ankle Joint01:10

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

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Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An...
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Muscles that Move the Leg01:23

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The movement of the legs is facilitated by numerous muscles located within the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh.
Anterior Compartment
The quadriceps femoris, the most visible muscle of the anterior compartment, is integral for leg extension and thigh flexion. It is formed by merging four distinct muscles — the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. The quadriceps tendon, a shared tendon of the four quadriceps muscles, is affixed...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula01:10

Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula

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The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 12, 2026

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection and Synovial Fluid Lavage in a Rodent Model to Study Joint Inflammation and Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis
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Multiligamentous injuries and knee dislocations.

Lana H Gimber1, Luke R Scalcione2, Andrew Rowan3

  • 1Department of Medical Imaging, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Banner University Medical Center Tucson, 1501 N Campbell Ave., P.O. Box 245067, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA. lgimber@radiology.arizona.edu.

Skeletal Radiology
|May 24, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Knee dislocations, including femorotibial, proximal tibiofibular, and patellofemoral joints, often involve multiple ligament injuries. Diagnosis and treatment require understanding injury mechanisms and imaging findings.

Keywords:
AcuteDislocationFemorotibialKneePatellofemoralTibiofibular

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Sports Medicine
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Knee joint stability relies on complex capsular ligamentous structures.
  • Simultaneous injuries to multiple knee ligaments, excluding anterior cruciate and medial collateral ligaments, are linked to femorotibial dislocations.
  • Proximal tibiofibular and patellofemoral joint dislocations can be challenging to diagnose, sometimes requiring advanced imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of various knee dislocation types.
  • To detail the mechanisms of injury, ligamentous disruptions, and diagnostic imaging.
  • To discuss treatment options for femorotibial, proximal tibiofibular, and patellofemoral joint dislocations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on knee dislocations.
  • Analysis of injury mechanisms and ligamentous involvement.
  • Discussion of imaging modalities (e.g., MRI) and treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • Knee dislocations frequently involve multiple ligamentous structures.
  • Femorotibial dislocations are often associated with combined ligament injuries.
  • Proximal tibiofibular and patellofemoral dislocations present unique diagnostic challenges.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of knee dislocations requires careful evaluation of injury mechanisms and imaging.
  • Prompt recognition and appropriate management are crucial for optimal outcomes in knee dislocations.
  • Understanding the spectrum of knee joint injuries, including dislocations, is essential for orthopedic specialists.