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Updated: Jul 22, 2026

Biochemical Titration of Glycogen In vitro
Published on: November 24, 2013
Enzymatic cybernetics: an unpublished work by Jacques Monod
1Institut d'histoire et de philosophie des sciences et des techniques (IHPST), UMR8590, Université Paris-1/CNRS/ENS, 6, rue du Four, 75006 Paris, France.
Abstract:
In 1959, Jacques Monod wrote a manuscript entitled Cybernétique enzymatique [Enzymatic cybernetics]. Never published, this unpublished manuscript presents a synthesis of how Monod interpreted enzymatic adaptation just before the publication of the famous papers of the 1960s on the operon. In addition, Monod offers an example of a philosophy of biology immersed in scientific investigation. Monod's philosophical thoughts are classified into two categories, methodological and ontological. On the methodological side, Monod explicitly hints at his preferences regarding the scientific method in general: hypothetical-deductive method, and use of theoretical models. He also makes heuristic proposals regarding molecular biology: the need to analyse the phenomena in question at the level of individual cells, and the dual aspect of all biological explanation, functional and evolutionary. Ontological issues deal with the notions of information and genetic determinism, "cellular memory", the irrelevance of the notion of "living matter", and the usefulness of a cybernetic comprehension of molecular biology.
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