[Emphysematous cystitis: Report of one case]

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Diabetology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Emphysematous cystitis is a rare condition often associated with diabetes mellitus, urinary stasis, and immunosuppression.
• This case involves a 58-year-old male with hypertension, type 2 diabetes on insulin, and central nervous system vasculitis requiring immunosuppressive therapy.

Observation:

• The patient presented with weight loss and gait instability.
• A PET-CT scan revealed air within the bladder contour, indicative of emphysematous cystitis, without upper urinary tract involvement.
• Further questioning revealed symptoms of pneumaturia, dysuria, and fever preceding admission.

Findings:

• Urine culture identified Enterobacter aerogenes as the causative pathogen.
• The patient received treatment including urinary catheterization, metabolic control, and parenteral antimicrobials.
• Enterobacter aerogenes was identified as the causative pathogen.

Implications:

• This case highlights the importance of considering emphysematous cystitis in immunocompromised diabetic patients presenting with urinary symptoms.
• Successful management involved a combination of antimicrobial therapy, metabolic control, and urinary drainage.
• Early diagnosis and appropriate intervention are crucial for favorable outcomes in emphysematous cystitis.