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Hydralazine-Induced ANCA-Associated Vasculitis: Case Report with Severe Kidney Involvement
Camilo San Martín1, Diego Collao1, Rodrigo A Sepúlveda2
1Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Revista Medica De Chile
|July 27, 2026
Summary
Drug-induced ANCA-associated vasculitis, often affecting kidneys and lungs, can be triggered by medications like hydralazine. Early diagnosis and drug withdrawal are crucial for managing this serious condition.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Rheumatology
- Immunology
Background:
- ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a severe condition often involving kidney damage.
- Certain drugs, including hydralazine, can induce AAV.
- Recognizing drug-induced AAV is vital for prompt diagnosis and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the importance of identifying drug-induced AAV.
- To present a case of hydralazine-induced AAV with severe kidney involvement.
- To detail the diagnostic and treatment approach for this condition.
Main Methods:
- Case report presentation.
- Review of clinical presentation, serological, and histopathological findings.
- Description of treatment response.
Main Results:
- The patient presented with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and severe anemia due to hydralazine.
- Diagnosis was confirmed through serological and histopathological studies.
- Favorable response to immunosuppressive therapy (corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide) was observed.
Conclusions:
- Drug-induced AAV is a serious, potentially fatal condition that requires prompt recognition.
- Discontinuation of the causative agent and immunosuppression are key treatment strategies.
- Hydralazine is a potential cause of AAV, necessitating careful monitoring in patients using this medication.
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