Intrinsic and extrinsic stable isotopic zinc absorption by infants from formulas

The kinetics of fecal elimination and the extent of fractional absorption of intrinsic and extrinsic zinc from infant formula were studied in 11 human infants by using a direct, simultaneous dual-label method based on fecal monitoring of unabsorbed stable isotope labels. The relative positions of the two stable isotopic tags (67Zn, 70Zn) as extrinsic and intrinsic labels were reversed in two separate determinations of fractional absorption. Administration of doubly labeled formula for 24 h or less permitted elimination of unabsorbed labels before the end of a 72-h metabolic interval. The extent of enrichment and the kinetics of fecal elimination of unabsorbed extrinsic stable isotopic zinc tag were observed to agree closely with the corresponding values for the intrinsic tag. Fractional absorption of intrinsic and extrinsic tags was highly correlated and did not differ significantly. The ratio of fractional absorption of extrinsic tag to that of intrinsic tag was 1.05 +/- 0.19 (mean +/- SD). The results constitute strong support for validation of the use of enriched stable isotopes at low levels (less than or equal to 10%) of extrinsic addition to milk-based diets for studies of zinc absorption by humans.