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ZnO Nanostructure-Based Intracellular Sensor.

Muhammad H Asif1,2, Bengt Danielsson3, Magnus Willander4

  • 1Department of Physics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan. asifhassan@ciitlahore.edu.pk.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 27, 2015
PubMed
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Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires enable intracellular electrochemical biosensors for real-time measurement of glucose and metal ions. These biocompatible nanosensors offer new insights into cellular processes.

Area of Science:

  • Nanomaterials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Zinc oxide (ZnO) exhibits semiconducting, electrochemical, and catalytic properties, making it suitable for biosensing.
  • ZnO is biocompatible and biosafe, enabling intracellular applications.
  • Intracellular measurements are crucial for understanding cellular biochemical processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review intracellular electrochemical biosensors based on functionalized zinc oxide nanowires/nanorods.
  • To highlight the application of these sensors for measuring glucose and free metal ions within cells.
  • To demonstrate the utility of ZnO nanowire-based sensors for real-time intracellular analysis.

Main Methods:

  • ZnO nanowires/nanorods were grown on the tip of fine borosilicate glass capillaries.
Keywords:
ZnO nanowire/nanorods, functionalization, intracellular measurement, glucose, metal ions, human fat cells, frog oocytes, electrochemical sensor

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  • The ZnO nanostructures were functionalized with membranes or enzymes to create selective sensors.
  • Electrochemical potential changes at the intracellular interface were measured.

    • Main Results:

    • Successful intracellular measurements of glucose and free metal ions were achieved in human fat cells and frog oocytes.
    • Real-time detection of ion and glucose level changes within cells was demonstrated.
    • The developed sensors effectively monitored the intracellular micro-environment.

    Conclusions:

    • Functionalized ZnO nanowires/nanorods are effective for intracellular electrochemical biosensing.
    • These nanosensors provide valuable tools for studying intracellular processes involving glucose and metal ions.
    • ZnO-based biosensors hold promise for medical sciences and intracellular measurements.