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Cryptosporidium parvum infection among Egyptian school children

Naglaa M Shalaby, Nehad M Shalaby

    Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology
    |May 28, 2015
    PubMed

    Insights

    Cryptosporidiosis affects 13.51% of school children, particularly those aged 5-10. Infection risk increases with low socioeconomic status, animal contact, and is linked to diarrhea.

    Area of Science:

    • Medical Parasitology
    • Public Health
    • Pediatric Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Cryptosporidiosis is a significant cause of diarrheal illness in children worldwide.
    • Understanding its prevalence and risk factors in school-aged populations is crucial for effective control strategies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in school children aged 4-16 years.
    • To identify associated risk factors, including age, socioeconomic status, animal contact, and clinical symptoms.
    • To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of stool examination, ELISA, and IFA techniques.

    Main Methods:

    • A cross-sectional study involving 120 randomly selected school children.
    • Stool sample analysis using Sheather's sugar flotation and modified Ziehl Neelsen stain.
    • Blood sample analysis using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA).

    Main Results:

    • The overall prevalence of cryptosporidiosis was 13.51%, with a peak in the 5-10 age group.
    • Significant associations were found between infection and low socioeconomic status in rural areas, and contact with animals.
    • Watery and loose diarrhea were more prevalent in infected children. Stool samples, ELISA, and IFA detected 30.8%, 25%, and 27.5% positivity, respectively.

    Conclusions:

    • Cryptosporidiosis is prevalent in school children, with identifiable risk factors like socioeconomic status and animal contact.
    • ELISA and IFA are valuable diagnostic tools, demonstrating high sensitivity and specificity for cryptosporidiosis detection.
    • Public health interventions should target high-risk groups and promote hygiene, especially in rural communities with animal contact.

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