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Related Concept Videos

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia01:30

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

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Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
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Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
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Schizophrenia is a complex mental health disorder that can manifest with various positive symptoms, including thought, movement, and behavior disorders. These symptoms significantly disrupt cognitive and motor functions, leading to profound effects on an individual's ability to engage with the world.
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Schizophrenia, a term introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911, describes a severe psychological disorder marked by profound disruptions in attention, thought processes, language, emotion, and interpersonal relationships. The core feature of schizophrenia is psychosis — a state characterized by a fundamental detachment from reality. This disconnection manifests through distorted logic, impaired perception, and atypical behavior, severely affecting the lives of those...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 11, 2026

Dynamic Inter-subject Functional Connectivity Reveals Moment-to-Moment Brain Network Configurations Driven by Continuous or Communication Paradigms
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Reduced functional connectivity during controlled semantic integration in schizophrenia: A multivariate approach.

Todd S Woodward1,2, Christine M Tipper1,2, Alexander L Leung1,2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Human Brain Mapping
|May 28, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Schizophrenia patients show reduced brain network activity during controlled semantic integration tasks compared to healthy individuals. This finding suggests an imbalance in cognitive processes, potentially explaining the "split mind" observed in schizophrenia.

Keywords:
constrained principal component analysisfunctional connectivityfunctional magnetic resonance imagingschizophreniasemantic associationsemantic distancesemantic integration

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Impaired controlled semantic association is a key characteristic of schizophrenia.
  • Understanding the neural basis of this cognitive deficit is crucial for developing targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the neural correlates of impaired controlled semantic association in schizophrenia using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
  • To investigate differences in functional brain network activity between individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls during a semantic association task.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed to examine brain activity.
  • Thirty individuals with schizophrenia and 30 healthy controls performed a word-pair matching task varying in semantic distance.
  • Whole-brain multivariate connectivity analysis was used to assess functional brain networks.

Main Results:

  • Two configurations of a multiple demands network showed no group differences in activity.
  • A semantic integration network exhibited reduced coordinated activity in schizophrenia patients compared to controls, particularly for distantly related word pairs.
  • This hypoactivity in controlled semantic integration contrasts with previously reported hyperactivity in automatic semantic association.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest an imbalance between controlled semantic integration and automatic semantic association in schizophrenia.
  • This neural imbalance provides a potential biological basis for Bleuler's concept of schizophrenia as a 'split mind'.
  • Impaired ability to form coherent semantic associations may underlie the cognitive disturbances in schizophrenia.