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Updated: Apr 11, 2026

A Common Marmoset Model of Mother-Infant Intervention for Breastfeeding Disorders in the Presence of Paternal Inhibition and Maternal Neglect
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A Common Marmoset Model of Mother-Infant Intervention for Breastfeeding Disorders in the Presence of Paternal Inhibition and Maternal Neglect

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Breastfeeding practices during the first month postpartum and associated factors: impact on breastfeeding survival

Forough Mortazavi1, Seyed Abbas Mousavi2, Reza Chaman3

  • 1Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, IR Iran.

Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal
|May 30, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Predominant breastfeeding is common in Iran, with partial breastfeeding increasing discontinuation risk. Interventions are needed to promote exclusive breastfeeding and educate mothers on formula

Area of Science:

  • Maternal and Child Health
  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health Nutrition

Background:

  • Introduction of fluids to infants postpartum is a prevalent practice in Iran.
  • This practice may pose risks to infant health.
  • Limited data exists on the prevalence and impact of these practices on breastfeeding duration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of breastfeeding practices in the first month postpartum.
  • To identify factors associated with the introduction of fluids in early infancy.
  • To assess the impact of fluid supplementation on breastfeeding survival.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study in Shahroud, Iran (May 2011-October 2013).
  • 358 mothers enrolled during the third trimester.
  • Monthly follow-up to breastfeeding cessation using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses.

Main Results:

  • Predominant breastfeeding prevalence was 58.2%, partial breastfeeding 8.6%.
  • Partial breastfeeding significantly increased the risk of breastfeeding discontinuation (HR=2.23, P=0.001).
  • Maternal age, higher family income, and breastfeeding difficulties were associated with partial breastfeeding.

Conclusions:

  • Predominant breastfeeding is highly prevalent in the study area.
  • Interventions promoting exclusive breastfeeding and adherence to WHO guidelines are recommended.
  • Early postpartum education on formula's impact on breastfeeding continuation is crucial.
Abstract

Keywords:
Breast FeedingCohort StudiesFeeding MethodsInfant Formula

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