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Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

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The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
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Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

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The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
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TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

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The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors...
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Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

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Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
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Quantitative PCR-based Assay to Measure Sonic Hedgehog Signaling in Cellular Model of Ciliogenesis
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The Hedgehog signalling pathway in bone formation.

Jing Yang1, Philipp Andre2, Ling Ye3

  • 11] State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China [2] Genetic Disease Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA.

International Journal of Oral Science
|May 30, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Hedgehog (Hh) signalling pathway is crucial for bone development and homeostasis. Understanding Hh signalling offers insights into preventing and treating bone diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Developmental Biology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • The Hedgehog (Hh) signalling pathway is vital for development, homeostasis, and tumorigenesis.
  • Its role in bone formation has become increasingly recognized over the past two decades.
  • Hh signalling is implicated in various physiological and pathological processes in bone.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review conserved Hh signalling mechanisms.
  • To emphasize Hh pathway functions in bone development, homeostasis, and diseases.
  • To provide insights for bone disease prevention, diagnosis, and therapeutics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of conserved Hh signalling mechanisms.
  • Focus on the functions of Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh) in bone development.
  • Analysis of Hh signalling interactions with Wnt signalling in bone formation.
  • Examination of Hh's role in bone homeostasis and age-related bone loss.
  • Review of bone diseases associated with disrupted Hh signalling regulation.

Main Results:

  • Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) patterns embryonic limb buds.
  • Indian Hedgehog (Ihh) is essential for endochondral ossification and osteoblast differentiation.
  • Hh signalling participates in intramembranous ossification.
  • Hh and Wnt signalling interactions regulate cartilage, bone, and joint formation.
  • Reduced Hh signalling protects against age-related bone loss.
  • Disrupted Hh signalling causes bone diseases like progressive osseous heteroplasia.

Conclusions:

  • Hh signalling is a critical regulator of bone development and homeostasis.
  • Understanding Hh pathway functions is key to addressing bone diseases.
  • Targeting Hh signalling holds therapeutic potential for bone disorders.