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Sulfated phenolic compounds from Limonium caspium: Isolation, structural elucidation, and biological evaluation
Anastassiya V Gadetskaya1, Amer H Tarawneh2, Galiya E Zhusupova3
1National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; School of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan.
Fitoterapia
|May 31, 2015
Summary
This study isolated novel compounds from Limonium caspium, revealing significant antifungal, antimalarial, and anti-trypanosomal activities for several natural products. These findings highlight the plant
Area of Science:
- Phytochemistry
- Natural Product Chemistry
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Limonium caspium is a plant species with potential medicinal properties.
- The phytochemical profile and biological activities of L. caspium have not been extensively studied.
- Isolation and characterization of secondary metabolites are crucial for discovering new therapeutic agents.
Purpose of the Study:
- To isolate and characterize secondary metabolites from Limonium caspium.
- To evaluate the isolated compounds for various biological activities, including antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, and antileishmanial effects.
- To report for the first time the phytochemical constituents and bioactivities of L. caspium.
Main Methods:
- Isolation of compounds using chromatographic techniques.
- Structure elucidation through comprehensive Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy (1H NMR, 13C NMR, DEPT, 1H-1H COSY, HSQC, HMBC) and High-Resolution Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (HRESIMS).
- In vitro evaluation of biological activities: antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, and antileishmanial assays.
Main Results:
- Three new compounds, (2S,3S)-5-methyldihydromyricetin (1), (2S,3S)-5-methyldihydromyricetin-3'-O-sulfate (2), and a glucoside derivative (3), were isolated along with eight known compounds.
- Compounds 5 and 6 were reported as acids for the first time.
- Compounds 7, 8, and 9 showed potent antifungal activity against Candida glabrata (IC50 values 6.79–15.37 μg/mL).
- Compound 8 exhibited significant antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum (IC50 values 1.51–1.82 μg/mL).
- Compounds 1, 4, 6, 8, and 9 demonstrated excellent activity against Trypanosoma brucei (IC50 values 6.31–9.65 μg/mL).
Conclusions:
- This study represents the first comprehensive report on the phytochemical analysis and biological evaluation of secondary metabolites from Limonium caspium.
- The isolated compounds, particularly myricetin (8) and its derivatives, possess significant potential as therapeutic agents against fungal infections, malaria, and trypanosomiasis.
- Further research into the mechanism of action and structure-activity relationships of these compounds is warranted.
Keywords:
AntifungalAntileishmanialAntimalarialDihydromyricetinLimonium caspiumMyricetinSulfated flavonoids
