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Related Concept Videos

2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)01:19

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Heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy (HSQC) is a 2D NMR technique that reveals one-bond correlations between hydrogen and a heteronucleus. The HSQC experiment is similar to the heteronuclear correlation experiment (HETCOR) but is more sensitive. In the HSQC spectrum, the proton chemical shift is plotted on the horizontal F2 axis, while the 13C chemical shift is plotted on the vertical F1 axis. The corresponding proton and 13C spectra are also shown. The HSQC contour plot does...
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NMR Spectroscopy of Aromatic Compounds01:14

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Aromatic compounds can be identified or analyzed using proton NMR and carbon‐13 NMR. Typically, aromatic hydrogens or hydrogens directly bonded to the aromatic rings are strongly deshielded by the aromatic ring current. Therefore, they absorb in the range of 6.5–8.0 ppm in proton NMR spectra. For instance, aromatic hydrogens directly bonded to the benzene ring absorb at 7.3 ppm. However, aromatic hydrogens of larger rings absorb farther upfield or downfield than the ideal range.
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Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II01:19

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In gas chromatography, different detectors are employed to meet specific analytical needs. These detectors are often categorized based on their detection mechanisms and the types of compounds they are best suited to analyze. Thermal Conductivity Detectors (TCD), Flame Ionization Detectors (FID), and Electron Capture Detectors (ECD) represent common categories, each with unique operating principles and applications. However, beyond these, several other detectors are designed for more specialized...
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Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

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A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
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IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration01:16

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A covalently bonded heteronuclear diatomic molecule can be modeled as two vibrating masses connected by a spring. The vibrational frequency of the bond can be expressed using an equation derived from Hooke's law, which describes how the force applied to stretch or compress a spring is proportional to the displacement of the spring. In this case, the atoms behave like masses, and the bond acts like a spring.
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UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

UV–Vis Spectrometers

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The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell.
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Updated: Apr 11, 2026

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Note: An analyzer for field detection of H2S by using cavity ring-down at 1.57 μm.

M Siciliani de Cumis1, S Viciani2, I Galli1

  • 1Istituto Nazionale di Ottica-CNR, and European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy (LENS), Via N. Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI, Italy.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|June 1, 2015
PubMed
Summary

A new analyzer uses cavity ring-down spectroscopy and optical fibers for detecting hydrogen sulfide (H2S). This prototype balances low detection levels with a simplified, stable design for H2S gas analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy
  • Optical Sensing

Background:

  • Accurate detection of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is crucial in environmental monitoring and industrial safety.
  • Traditional H2S detection methods can be complex and require significant maintenance.
  • Developing robust and sensitive H2S analyzers is an ongoing research objective.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a prototype analyzer for hydrogen sulfide (H2S) detection.
  • To demonstrate the integration of optical fibers for improved stability and simplified alignment.
  • To achieve a balance between low detection limits and system simplicity.

Main Methods:

  • Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy (CRDS) as the core detection principle.
  • Utilization of optical fibers to enhance device stability and ease of alignment.
  • Experimental testing on various hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas samples.

Main Results:

  • Successful demonstration of a prototype H2S analyzer.
  • Validation of the simplified design incorporating optical fibers.
  • Presentation of experimental data showcasing detection performance across different H2S sample types.

Conclusions:

  • The developed prototype analyzer shows promise for sensitive H2S detection.
  • The use of optical fibers contributes to a more stable and user-friendly instrument.
  • The study successfully navigated the trade-off between detection sensitivity and design simplicity.