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Periapical Lesions Decrease Insulin Signaling in Rat Skeletal Muscle.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oral Pathology
  • Metabolic Syndrome

Background:

  • Oral inflammation, specifically periapical lesions (PLs), releases cytokines linked to insulin resistance.
  • Insulin resistance is a significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  • Investigating the impact of PLs on insulin signaling is crucial for understanding metabolic health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine insulin signaling in the liver and skeletal muscle of rats with induced chronic periapical lesions.
  • To assess alterations in serum lipid profiles, glucose, and insulin levels in these rats.
  • To determine the relationship between periapical inflammation and metabolic dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Wistar rats were divided into control and PL groups, with PLs induced by oral exposure of pulpal tissue.
  • Insulin signaling was assessed via Western blotting, analyzing insulin receptor substrate (IRS-1/IRS-2) phosphorylation and content in liver and skeletal muscle.
  • Serum biochemical markers including total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, and insulin were measured.

Main Results:

  • Rats with PLs exhibited decreased insulin receptor substrate (pp185) tyrosine phosphorylation and increased IRS-1 serine phosphorylation in skeletal muscle.
  • No significant changes in insulin signaling were observed in the liver.
  • Serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, and insulin remained unchanged between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic periapical lesions are associated with impaired insulin signaling specifically in skeletal muscle.
  • This impaired insulin signaling in muscle may contribute to insulin resistance.
  • Preventing oral inflammatory conditions like PLs is important for maintaining normal insulin signaling in muscle.