[Remote results of implantation of cava filters: analysis of errors and complications]

The authors carried out comparative assessment of efficacy of cava filters (CF) for prevention of pulmonary artery thromboembolism in patients presenting with iliofemoral thrombosis with flotation of thrombi, as well as analysed complications in the remote postimplantation period. A total of 266 patients were examined within the terms from 1 month to 10 years after CF implantation. Depending on the type of the implanted device, all patients were subdivided into 3 groups: group 1 (n=65) consisted of patients with one-level CF, group 2 (n=112) comprised those with "sandglass" and "shuttle" type two-level cava filters, and group 3 (n=89) was composed of patients with the implanted CF "TrapEase" and "OptEase". In the remote period relapsed PATE was revealed in 5.2% of cases. Embolism in the CF was noted in 9.3% of cases, with the incidence rate of this complication not depending on the type of the implanted device. However, total occlusion of the inferior vena cava after embolism was observed 2 times more often in patients of the 2nd and 3rd group. In the first group recanalization of the intrafilter space occurred in one third of cases. Chronic occlusion of the inferior vena cava was revealed in 13.9% of cases, most frequently in group 2. Total occlusion of the inferior vena cava with the development of inferior vena cava syndrome was diagnosed in 24.1% of patients with thrombotic lesion below the level of renal veins confluence. This complication was associated with both characteristics of CF and technical errors of implantation, and was also encountered more frequently in group 2.