[Syndrome of compression of the external saphenous nerve (or the sural nerve)]

The authors describe a new canal syndrome, which they call the "superficial sural aponeurosis canal syndrome" or "sural nerve tunnel syndrome". Mostly seen in sportsmen, it was observed in this case in the context of a myositis ossificans circumscripta of the tendo-muscular junction of the heel. The clinical signs are caused by compression of the sural nerve where it passes through a nonextensible tunnel formed by the fold of the posterior sural aponeurosis. This is distinguished from a loge syndrome; the most typical clinical sign is increased pain in the territory of the sural nerve during plantar flexion of the ankle; in this position reduced sensory conduction velocity is measured. The treatment consists in a section of the fibro-aponeurotic arch.