Jove
Visualize
Contact Us

Related Concept Videos

Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

Decision Making: P-value Method

7.4K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim  is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses:  a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can...
7.4K
Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance01:14

Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance

856
Avoidance-avoidance conflict refers to a psychological situation where a person must choose between two or more unpleasant alternatives. These conflicts are particularly stressful because neither option is desirable. This dilemma is often expressed in sayings like "caught between a rock and a hard place" or "between the devil and the deep blue sea." For instance, individuals who fear dental procedures may find themselves torn between enduring a painful toothache or facing the...
856
Confirmation Biases01:31

Confirmation Biases

8.6K
The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
8.6K
Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

Decision Making: Traditional Method

5.9K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
5.9K
Uncertainty: Overview00:59

Uncertainty: Overview

1.9K
In analytical chemistry, we often perform repetitive measurements to detect and minimize inaccuracies caused by both determinate and indeterminate errors. Despite the cares we take, the presence of random errors means that repeated measurements almost never have exactly the same magnitude. The collective difference between these measurements - observed values - and the estimated or expected value is called uncertainty. Uncertainty is conventionally written after the estimated or expected value.
1.9K
Uncertainty: Confidence Intervals00:54

Uncertainty: Confidence Intervals

12.6K
The confidence interval is the range of values around the mean that contains the true mean. It is expressed as a probability percentage. The interpretation of a 95% confidence interval, for instance, is that the statistician is 95% confident that the true mean falls within the interval. The upper and lower limits of this range are known as confidence limits. The confidence limits for the true mean are estimated from the sample's mean, the standard deviation, and the statistical factor...
12.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Conflictive Uncertainty: A Framework for Understanding the Aversion to Conflicting Information in Social Contexts.

Personality & social psychology bulletin·2025
Same author

An investigation of the convergent validity and test-retest reliability of three uncertainty preference measures.

Behavior research methods·2025
Same author

An Experimental Investigation of Treatment Decisions under Ambiguity and Conflict.

Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making·2025
Same author

Communicating certainty via verbal probability phrases: comparing health contexts with no context.

BMC primary care·2025
Same author

School Refusal Behaviors: The Roles of Adolescent and Parental Factors.

Behavior modification·2024
Same author

The receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (or mean ridit) as an effect size.

Psychological methods·2023
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 11, 2026

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods
13:04

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods

Published on: September 19, 2012

12.5K

Probability judgments under ambiguity and conflict.

Michael Smithson1

  • 1Research School of Psychology, The Australian National University Canberra, ACT, Australia.

Frontiers in Psychology
|June 5, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores how conflict and ambiguity, types of uncertainty, influence human judgment. New models are presented to assess subjective conflict and ambiguity, improving decision-making under uncertainty.

Keywords:
ambiguityconflictjudgmentprobabilityuncertainty

More Related Videos

Assessment of Mouse Judgment Bias through an Olfactory Digging Task
12:10

Assessment of Mouse Judgment Bias through an Olfactory Digging Task

Published on: March 4, 2022

3.2K
Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal
06:45

Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal

Published on: April 18, 2017

6.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 11, 2026

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods
13:04

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods

Published on: September 19, 2012

12.5K
Assessment of Mouse Judgment Bias through an Olfactory Digging Task
12:10

Assessment of Mouse Judgment Bias through an Olfactory Digging Task

Published on: March 4, 2022

3.2K
Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal
06:45

Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal

Published on: April 18, 2017

6.7K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Decision Science
  • Risk Analysis

Background:

  • Distinguishing between conflict and ambiguity as distinct sources of uncertainty is crucial for understanding judgment and decision-making.
  • Existing research often treats these uncertainties separately, limiting a comprehensive understanding of their combined effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advances in human judgment and decision-making under both ambiguity and conflict.
  • To present and test novel models for assessing subjective conflict and ambiguity.
  • To develop a framework for experienced information settings.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent advances in human judgment and decision-making research.
  • Development of two types of testable models: estimate-pooling for probability estimates and subjective assessment models.
  • Reanalysis of a multi-nation data-set for described information.
  • Development of a new framework for experienced information settings.

Main Results:

  • Two types of testable models for judgments under conflict and ambiguity were developed.
  • A framework for testing these models in described-information settings was presented.
  • A new framework for experienced-information settings yielded novel models for best estimates and perceived conflict.

Conclusions:

  • Conflict and ambiguity are key factors influencing judgments and decision-making.
  • The developed models and frameworks offer new approaches to understanding and quantifying uncertainty.
  • Further research is needed to refine these models and explore their applications.