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Telemental health: A status update
Elias Aboujaoude1, Wael Salame2, Lama Naim2
1OCD Clinic, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Summary
Telemental health services offer increased access and efficiency for psychiatric care. While computerized and internet-based CBT show strong evidence, virtual reality and mobile therapies are emerging options with challenges to overcome.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Digital Health
- Mental Healthcare Technology
Background:
- A growing body of literature addresses telemental health services for psychiatric conditions.
- Telepsychiatry offers potential benefits like improved access, efficiency, and reduced stigma.
- Challenges include digital literacy, therapeutic alliance, privacy, and patient attrition.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current state of telemental health services.
- To focus on computerized CBT (cCBT), Internet-based CBT (iCBT), virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET), and mobile therapy (mTherapy).
- To assess the efficacy, advantages, and limitations of these technologies.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of four scientific databases.
- Emphasis on meta-analyses and controlled trials.
- Evaluation of evidence for cCBT, iCBT, VRET, and mTherapy.
Main Results:
- cCBT and iCBT demonstrate the most robust evidence of efficacy.
- VRET and mTherapy are promising but less researched.
- Telepsychiatry facilitates care access and overcomes treatment barriers like social anxiety.
Conclusions:
- Published studies support an expanded role for telepsychiatry tools.
- Further research is needed to test efficacy and explore other therapeutic modalities.
- Addressing challenges is crucial for wider adoption and effectiveness of telemental health.
