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Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
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Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists01:14

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Glutamate is a fundamental neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, playing a vital role in neuronal communication and various cognitive processes. Glutamate stands as the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Its presence is crucial for the communication between neurons, underpinning essential processes such as synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and plasticity. These functions are vital for higher-order cognitive processes, including learning and memory. The...
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Seizures: Classification01:13

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Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
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Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 11, 2026

Investigating the Function of Deep Cortical and Subcortical Structures Using Stereotactic Electroencephalography: Lessons from the Anterior Cingulate Cortex
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Lesion-negative anterior cingulate epilepsy.

Nuria Lacuey1, Javier Chapa Davila, Bilal Zonjy

  • 1Epilepsy Center, UH Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Epileptic Disorders : International Epilepsy Journal with Videotape
|June 10, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study details a rare case of MRI-negative epilepsy originating in the anterior cingulate gyrus. Advanced electroencephalography (EEG) pinpointed the seizure focus, leading to successful surgical treatment and confirming focal cortical dysplasia.

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Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
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Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Epileptology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • MRI-negative epilepsy presents diagnostic challenges, particularly when semiology and EEG show bilateral synchrony.
  • Identifying the precise epileptogenic zone is crucial for effective treatment in intractable epilepsy.

Observation:

  • A case of intractable frontal lobe epilepsy, negative on MRI and functional imaging, is presented.
  • Initial EEG and semiology suggested secondary bilateral synchrony, complicating localization.
  • Stereotactic EEG exploration revealed a focal ictal onset zone in the right anterior cingulate gyrus.

Findings:

  • Interictal and ictal high-frequency oscillations (250Hz) and seizure induction via cortical stimulation localized the seizure focus.
  • Resection of the identified ictal onset and irritative zones resulted in an International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) class 1 outcome.
  • Histopathology confirmed focal cortical dysplasia type 1b as the underlying cause.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the critical role of anatomo-electro-clinical correlation in diagnosing challenging MRI-negative epilepsy.
  • Advanced EEG techniques, including high-frequency oscillations and cortical stimulation, are vital for precise localization.
  • Successful surgical outcomes are achievable even in complex, previously unlocalizable epilepsy cases.