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Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis and superinfection with pulmonary tuberculosis in a case

Serpil Tekgül1, Semra Bilaceroglu1, Sevket Ozkaya1

  • 1Dr. Suat Seren Education and Research Hospital for Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.

Respiratory Medicine Case Reports
|June 10, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare lung condition. This study highlights a rare case of PAP with a superinfection of pulmonary tuberculosis, emphasizing the need for monitoring PAP patients for infections.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Rare Diseases

Background:

  • Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare diffuse lung disease characterized by alveolar spaces filled with eosinophilic material.
  • Impaired macrophage function and host defense in PAP may predispose to microbial infections.
  • The co-occurrence of PAP and mycobacterial infections, particularly tuberculosis, is infrequently documented.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis with superinfection by pulmonary tuberculosis.
  • To underscore the importance of monitoring patients with PAP for superinfections.
  • To illustrate how treating superinfections can improve clinical and radiological outcomes in PAP.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 46-year-old patient diagnosed with PAP and pulmonary tuberculosis.
  • Radiologic and histopathologic evaluation for diagnosis confirmation.
  • Clinical monitoring and treatment of the superinfection.

Main Results:

  • A definitive diagnosis of PAP with superinfection by pulmonary tuberculosis was established.
  • The patient's clinical and radiological symptoms showed improvement following treatment of the tuberculosis superinfection.
  • This case demonstrates a rare but significant association between PAP and mycobacterial infection.

Conclusions:

  • Patients diagnosed with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis require vigilant monitoring for potential superinfections.
  • Superinfection can exacerbate PAP, leading to disease progression.
  • Effective treatment of superinfections, such as tuberculosis, can lead to significant improvement in PAP patients.
Keywords:
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosisRadiologyTuberculosis

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