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Inflammatory Cytokines Contribute to Asbestos-Induced Injury of Mesothelial Cells

Milena Marques Pagliarelli Acencio1, Barbara Soares2, Evaldo Marchi2,3

  • 1Pleura Laboratory, Pulmonary Division - Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Rua Dr. Eneas Carvalho Aguiar 44, 10 andar, Cerqueira Cesar, São Paulo, 05403-000, Brazil. milena.acencio@incor.usp.br.

Lung
|June 11, 2015
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Asbestos fibers cause pleural injury through inflammation and cell death. Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and IL-6 mediate this asbestos-induced damage, particularly from crocidolite fibers.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Toxicology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Asbestos exposure is linked to diseases like mesothelioma.
  • The precise mechanisms of asbestos-induced pleural injury remain unclear.
  • Inflammatory responses and apoptosis dysregulation are implicated in asbestos-related pleural disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if pro-inflammatory cytokines from asbestos-exposed pleural mesothelial cells (PMC) influence asbestos-induced injury.
  • To understand the role of specific cytokines in asbestos-mediated cellular damage.

Main Methods:

  • Mouse PMC were exposed to crocidolite or chrysotile asbestos fibers.
  • Assessed cell viability, necrosis, apoptosis, and cytokine production (IL-1β, IL-6, MIP-2).
  • Neutralized specific cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, MIP-2) to evaluate their impact on apoptosis and necrosis.

Main Results:

  • Asbestos exposure induced apoptosis and necrosis in PMC, with higher levels in the crocidolite group.
  • Elevated levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and MIP-2 were observed after asbestos exposure.
  • Neutralizing IL-1β and IL-6, but not MIP-2, reduced asbestos-induced apoptosis and necrosis, especially with crocidolite.

Conclusions:

  • Both crocidolite and chrysotile fibers trigger apoptosis and an acute inflammatory response in PMC.
  • IL-1β and IL-6 play a significant role in asbestos-induced pleural injury, more so with crocidolite exposure.
  • MIP-2 does not appear to contribute to the observed asbestos-induced cellular damage.
Keywords:
ApoptosisAsbestosCytokinesInflammation mediatorsMesothelioma

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