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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 10, 2026

A Murine Model of Group B Streptococcus Vaginal Colonization
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Group B streptococcal neonatal parotitis.

Filipa Dias Costa1, Daniel Ramos Andrade2, Filipa Inês Cunha3

  • 1Pediatric Department, Figueira da Foz Hospital, Figueira da Foz, Coimbra, Portugal Pediatric Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, Coimbra, Portugal.

BMJ Case Reports
|June 12, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Acute neonatal parotitis (ANP) is rare, often caused by Staphylococcus aureus. This case highlights Group B Streptococcus (GBS) as a potential pathogen in neonatal parotitis, emphasizing its inclusion in differential diagnoses.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Acute neonatal parotitis (ANP) is an uncommon condition presenting with parotid gland inflammation in newborns.
  • Staphylococcus aureus is the most frequently identified pathogen in ANP cases.

Observation:

  • A 13-day-old term infant presented with irritability, poor feeding, and right parotid swelling.
  • Clinical signs included fever, neutrophilia, elevated C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin.
  • Ultrasound confirmed findings consistent with acute parotitis.

Findings:

  • The infant was diagnosed with late-onset Group B Streptococcus (GBS) bacteremia concurrently with ANP.
  • Serum amylase levels were normal, ruling out pancreatic involvement.
  • The patient responded well to empiric and targeted antibiotic therapy, with discharge after 10 days.

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Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering GBS as a causative agent in neonatal parotitis.
  • Expanding the differential diagnosis for ANP can lead to timely and appropriate treatment.
  • Early recognition and management are crucial for favorable outcomes in neonatal infections.