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State Firearm Legislation and Nonfatal Firearm Injuries.
Joseph A Simonetti1, Ali Rowhani-Rahbar1, Brianna Mills1
1Joseph A. Simonetti, Ali Rowhani-Rahbar, Brianna Mills, and Frederick P. Rivara are with the Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle. Joseph A. Simonetti and Bessie Young are with the Seattle-Denver Center of Innovation, VA Puget Sound Healthcare System, Seattle, WA. Ali Rowhani-Rahbar and Brianna Mills are with the Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle. Bessie Young is with the Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle. Frederick P. Rivara is with the Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle.
Stricter state firearm laws are linked to fewer hospitalizations for nonfatal firearm injuries. This study found that states with stronger firearm legislation had significantly lower discharge rates for all types of firearm injuries.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Health Policy
Background:
- Nonfatal firearm injuries represent a significant public health burden.
- There is considerable variation in firearm injury rates across U.S. states.
- The impact of state-level firearm legislation on nonfatal injury rates requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the association between the strength of state-level firearm legislation and hospital discharge rates for nonfatal firearm injuries.
- To determine if stricter firearm laws correlate with reduced rates of nonfatal firearm injuries requiring hospitalization or emergency department treatment.
Main Methods:
- Discharge rates for nonfatal firearm injuries were estimated for 18 states in 2010.
- Negative binomial regression analysis was employed to assess the relationship between legislative strength and injury discharge rates.
- Models controlled for state sociodemographic and economic factors.
Main Results:
- A total of 26,744 discharges for nonfatal firearm injuries were identified.
- States with the strictest firearm legislation showed significantly lower discharge rates for total, assault-related, self-inflicted, and unintentional nonfatal firearm injuries.
- The overall age-adjusted discharge rate was 19.0 per 100,000 person-years, with substantial state-level variation.
Conclusions:
- Significant disparities exist in state-level hospital discharge rates for nonfatal firearm injuries.
- Stricter state firearm legislation is demonstrably associated with lower discharge rates for these injuries.
- Policy interventions aimed at strengthening firearm laws may contribute to reducing the burden of nonfatal firearm injuries.
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