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Urinary tract infection in children: recurrent infections

James Larcombe1

  • 1Durham, UK.

BMJ Clinical Evidence
|June 13, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Prophylactic antibiotics may help prevent recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness and safety of antibiotic prophylaxis for pediatric UTIs.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Evidence-Based Medicine

Background:

  • Urinary tract infections (UTIs) affect up to 11% of girls and 7% of boys by age 16.
  • Recurrent UTIs are common in children.
  • Vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) is found in 40% of children with a first UTI and is a risk factor for renal scarring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the effects of prophylactic antibiotics in preventing recurrent urinary tract infections in children.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of antibiotic prophylaxis for pediatric UTIs.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of medical literature.
  • Searched databases including Medline, Embase, and The Cochrane Library up to December 2013.
  • GRADE evaluation of evidence quality for interventions.

Main Results:

  • Three studies met the inclusion criteria for the review.
  • The review focused on the effectiveness and safety of prophylactic antibiotics.

Conclusions:

  • Prophylactic antibiotics are an intervention for preventing recurrent UTIs in children.
  • Further evaluation of effectiveness and safety is presented in this systematic review.
Abstract

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