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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
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Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

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Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management01:26

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 The nursing management of a patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD) begins with a thorough assessment of the patient’s health history and clinical manifestations.AssessmentHealth History: Evaluate the patient’s history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of cardiovascular issues, and lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns, smoking, and physical activity.Physical Examination:Assess the affected extremity for decreased or absent peripheral pulses,...
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Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
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The diabetic foot.

Jamal Ahmad1

  • 1Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome
|June 15, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Diabetic foot problems cause significant hospitalizations and amputations. Early detection, patient education, and multidisciplinary care are crucial for preventing lower extremity complications in diabetes.

Area of Science:

  • Podiatry
  • Endocrinology
  • Vascular Surgery

Background:

  • Diabetic foot problems account for 50% of diabetes-related hospital days.
  • 10-15% of diabetic patients develop foot ulcers, leading to 15% of amputations.
  • Urgent need for education on glucose control and foot complications for physicians and patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To emphasize the importance of comprehensive management strategies for diabetic foot disease.
  • To highlight the need for early identification of at-risk feet and preventative measures.
  • To advocate for a multidisciplinary team approach in managing diabetic foot complications.

Main Methods:

  • Identifying patients at risk through comprehensive foot examinations (vascular, neurological, skin, structure).
Keywords:
Diabetic footManagementPathophysiology

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  • Implementing three core management strategies: risk identification, acute treatment, and prevention.
  • Utilizing conservative management including proper footwear, hygiene, debridement, and wound care.

    • Main Results:

    • Conservative management significantly reduces amputation risk.
    • Multidisciplinary teams improve outcomes in managing diabetic foot disease.
    • Addressing knowledge gaps and improving access to podiatry services are key.

    Conclusions:

    • Preventing lower extremity amputations in diabetic patients requires a proactive, multidisciplinary approach.
    • Education and risk assessment are vital components in managing diabetic foot complications.
    • Integrated care involving podiatrists, endocrinologists, and surgeons is essential.