Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Neuroplasticity01:01

Neuroplasticity

2.6K
Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
2.6K
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

9.0K
Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
9.0K
Hearing01:31

Hearing

59.0K
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
59.0K
Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

45.8K
The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
45.8K
The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

52.7K
The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
52.7K
Unrenewable Cells00:50

Unrenewable Cells

3.0K
In humans, the photoreceptor cells of the eye and sensory hair cells of the ear lack stem cells. These cells are thus unrenewable and cannot be replaced when they are damaged or destroyed.
Photoreceptors
The retina is composed of several layers and contains specialized cells called photoreceptors. The photoreceptors (rods and cones) change their membrane potential when stimulated by light energy. There are two types of photoreceptors—rods and cones—which differ in the shape of...
3.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Estimated pre-clinical and clinical obesity prevalence in US adults in an employer-sponsored preventive check-up programme.

Diabetes, obesity & metabolism·2025
Same author

From hidden hearing loss to supranormal auditory processing by neurotrophin 3-mediated modulation of inner hair cell synapse density.

PLoS biology·2024
Same author

Reversing Synchronized Brain Circuits Using Targeted Auditory-Somatosensory Stimulation to Treat Phantom Percepts: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

JAMA network open·2023
Same author

Cancer genes disfavoring T cell immunity identified via integrated systems approach.

Cell reports·2022
Same author

Leukocyte Telomere Length and Childhood Onset of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in the Black Women's Experiences Living with Lupus Study.

ACR open rheumatology·2022
Same author

Olivocochlear projections contribute to superior intensity coding in cochlear nucleus small cells.

The Journal of physiology·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 10, 2026

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training
07:05

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training

Published on: August 24, 2017

11.6K

Tinnitus: Maladaptive auditory-somatosensory plasticity.

Calvin Wu1, Roxana A Stefanescu1, David T Martel1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

Hearing Research
|June 16, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Tinnitus, a phantom sound perception, involves increased central auditory neural activity. This review explores how hearing loss may paradoxically cause this hyperactivity, focusing on cochlear nucleus mechanisms.

Keywords:
Dorsal cochlear nucleusHyperactivitySomatic tinnitusSomatosensoryTinnitus

More Related Videos

A Low Cost Setup for Behavioral Audiometry in Rodents
09:23

A Low Cost Setup for Behavioral Audiometry in Rodents

Published on: October 16, 2012

13.3K
Assessment of Audio-Tactile Sensory Substitution Training in Participants with Profound Deafness Using the Event-Related Potential Technique
11:39

Assessment of Audio-Tactile Sensory Substitution Training in Participants with Profound Deafness Using the Event-Related Potential Technique

Published on: September 7, 2022

2.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 10, 2026

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training
07:05

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training

Published on: August 24, 2017

11.6K
A Low Cost Setup for Behavioral Audiometry in Rodents
09:23

A Low Cost Setup for Behavioral Audiometry in Rodents

Published on: October 16, 2012

13.3K
Assessment of Audio-Tactile Sensory Substitution Training in Participants with Profound Deafness Using the Event-Related Potential Technique
11:39

Assessment of Audio-Tactile Sensory Substitution Training in Participants with Profound Deafness Using the Event-Related Potential Technique

Published on: September 7, 2022

2.7K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Auditory System Research
  • Tinnitus Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Tinnitus is characterized by phantom sound perception and increased central auditory neural activity.
  • The link between hearing impairment (reduced afferent drive) and central hyperactivity in tinnitus remains unclear.
  • Understanding tinnitus mechanisms is crucial for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review methods for tinnitus induction and objective measurement in animal models.
  • To explore the origin of tinnitus within the cochlear nucleus (CN).
  • To hypothesize mechanisms of CN hyperactivity following peripheral auditory nerve damage.

Main Methods:

  • Assessment of tinnitus induction techniques in animal models.
  • Evaluation of objective measures for tinnitus perception in animals.
  • Review of animal study evidence on tinnitus generation and CN function.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests tinnitus originates in the cochlear nucleus (CN).
  • Peripheral auditory nerve damage can lead to CN hyperactivity.
  • Plasticity in auditory-somatosensory integration within the CN is implicated in hyperactivity development.

Conclusions:

  • Tinnitus generation involves hyperactivity in the cochlear nucleus.
  • Altered auditory-somatosensory integration due to auditory input loss drives CN hyperactivity.
  • Further understanding of these mechanisms is vital for tinnitus management.