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Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

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The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
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Polymers

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Polymers02:34

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Molecular Entanglement and Electrospinnability of Biopolymers
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Spin-Coated Polyelectrolyte Coacervate Films.

Kristopher D Kelly1, Joseph B Schlenoff1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|June 17, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a rapid spin-coating method using polyelectrolyte coacervates to create thin, uniform films. This technique overcomes the slow speed of traditional layer-by-layer assembly for creating advanced material membranes.

Keywords:
LbLlayer by layermembranemultilayersseparationsviscosity

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) form thin films with diverse applications.
  • Layer-by-layer assembly is a common PEC film fabrication method.
  • Traditional methods are too slow for fabricating films thicker than 1 μm.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a rapid method for fabricating thin, uniform polyelectrolyte complex films.
  • To explore the use of polyelectrolyte coacervates for film deposition.
  • To enable the production of free-standing PEC membranes.

Main Methods:

  • Spin-coating of polyelectrolyte coacervates onto substrates.
  • Fabrication of thin, uniform, and smooth PEC films.
  • Glassification of films via immersion in water.
  • Release of free-standing membranes from substrates.

Main Results:

  • Rapid deposition of PEC films using spin-coating of coacervates.
  • Achieved thin, uniform, and smooth films.
  • Demonstrated the ability to create free-standing membranes in the micrometer range.
  • Observed nontraditional coacervate behavior in response to salt concentration.

Conclusions:

  • Spin-coating of polyelectrolyte coacervates offers a significantly faster alternative to layer-by-layer assembly.
  • This method allows for the rapid production of high-quality PEC films and free-standing membranes.
  • The technique holds promise for scalable manufacturing of advanced functional materials.