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Novel thiourea-based sirtuin inhibitory warheads.

Wenwen Zang1, Yujun Hao2, Zhenghe Wang2

  • 1School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, PR China.

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters
|June 18, 2015
PubMed
Summary

New thiocarbamoyl-lysine analogs show potent inhibition of SIRT deacetylases and deacylases. N(ε)-methyl-thiocarbamoyl-lysine is a significantly stronger SIRT1/2/3 inhibitor than the original compound.

Keywords:
DeacetylationDeacylationInhibitory warheadN(ε)-Carboxyethyl-thiocarbamoyl-lysineN(ε)-Methyl-thiocarbamoyl-lysineSIRT1SIRT2SIRT3SIRT5Sirtuin

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Enzymology

Background:

  • Sirtuins (SIRTs) are NAD+-dependent enzymes involved in cellular regulation.
  • SIRT1, SIRT2, and SIRT3 are key deacetylases, while SIRT5 functions as a deacylase.
  • Mechanism-based inhibitors are crucial for studying and targeting sirtuin activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and evaluate novel N(ε)-thiocarbamoyl-lysine analogs as sirtuin inhibitors.
  • To determine the inhibitory potency and selectivity of these analogs against various human sirtuin isoforms.
  • To compare the inhibitory strength of analogs with the parent compound, N(ε)-thiocarbamoyl-lysine.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of N(ε)-thiocarbamoyl-lysine analogs with alkyl and aryl substitutions.
  • Enzymatic assays to measure the inhibitory activity against SIRT1/2/3 and SIRT5.
  • Comparative analysis of inhibitory potency against the lead compound.

Main Results:

  • N(ε)-methyl-thiocarbamoyl-lysine and N(ε)-carboxyethyl-thiocarbamoyl-lysine exhibit strong inhibitory activity against SIRT1/2/3 and SIRT5, respectively.
  • N(ε)-methyl-thiocarbamoyl-lysine demonstrates significantly enhanced inhibitory potency against SIRT1/2/3 (2.5-18.4-fold increase) compared to N(ε)-thiocarbamoyl-lysine.
  • The study identifies potent new warheads for targeting specific sirtuin family members.

Conclusions:

  • N(ε)-methyl-thiocarbamoyl-lysine and N(ε)-carboxyethyl-thiocarbamoyl-lysine are effective mechanism-based inhibitors of human sirtuins.
  • N(ε)-methyl-thiocarbamoyl-lysine represents a superior SIRT1/2/3 inhibitory warhead.
  • These findings provide valuable tools for exploring sirtuin biology and developing therapeutic strategies.