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Opioid Overdose Prevention Programs Providing Naloxone to Laypersons - United States, 2014
MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
|June 19, 2015
Summary
Community programs providing naloxone kits to bystanders have successfully reversed over 26,000 opioid overdoses since 1996. This vital intervention, distributing over 150,000 kits, significantly aids in reducing fatal drug overdoses.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Addiction Medicine
Background:
- Drug overdose deaths in the US have more than doubled since 1999, with prescription opioids and heroin being major contributors.
- Community-based programs have long provided opioid overdose prevention services to laypersons, including training and naloxone kits.
- Naloxone hydrochloride (naloxone) is an opioid antagonist used to reverse potentially fatal respiratory depression caused by opioid overdose.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the impact and reach of community-based programs distributing naloxone kits to laypersons for opioid overdose prevention.
- To quantify the number of naloxone kits distributed and overdose reversals reported by these programs.
Main Methods:
- A survey was conducted in July 2014 by the Harm Reduction Coalition (HRC) targeting managers of organizations providing naloxone kits to laypersons.
- Data were collected from 136 organizations across 644 sites regarding naloxone distribution and overdose reversals from 1996 through June 2014.
Main Results:
- From 1996 to June 2014, surveyed organizations provided naloxone kits to 152,283 laypersons.
- These programs reported a total of 26,463 bystander-assisted overdose reversals.
- The data indicate a significant role of community programs in mitigating opioid overdose mortality.
Conclusions:
- Providing opioid overdose training and naloxone kits to laypersons is an effective strategy to reduce opioid overdose mortality.
- Community-based distribution of naloxone empowers bystanders to intervene in overdose situations, saving lives.
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