Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex01:23

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex

4.8K
The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at...
4.8K
Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

9.2K
The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....
9.2K
Major Somatic Sensory Pathways01:28

Major Somatic Sensory Pathways

3.5K
Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the...
3.5K
Reason and Intuition01:37

Reason and Intuition

7.7K
The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
7.7K
Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

1.3K
Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
1.3K
Diencephalon: Thalamus and Information Relay01:27

Diencephalon: Thalamus and Information Relay

5.7K
The thalamus, often called “the gateway to the cerebral cortex,” is vital in processing and directing sensory and motor signals throughout the brain. Almost all inputs destined for the cerebral cortex, except for olfactory signals, are relayed through the thalamus. The thalamus is  a sophisticated relay station, channeling information from various brain regions to the cerebral cortex, as well as a filter, prioritizing certain signals over others based on current physiological...
5.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

MRI-guided detection of knee injuries as a concomitant lesion of femoral shaft fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

EFORT open reviews·2026
Same author

Mechanistic simulation identifies predictive dose-dependent biomarkers of propofol anesthesia.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Mechanistic corticostriatal circuit model predicts learning-dependent fMRI dynamics and individual reward bias in humans.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Lempel-Ziv complexity of simultaneous surface electromyography and magnetomyography during muscle fatigue.

Journal of neural engineering·2026
Same author

Internal state dynamically gates task-specific attractor dynamics in prefrontal cortex.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Anterior cingulate neurons display subregion-specific interaction with frontal eye fields revealed by anti-/orthodromic stimulation and resting-state imaging.

Journal of neurophysiology·2026
Same journal

Erratum for the Research Article "Detecting supramolecular organic nanoparticles during heat wave".

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Local signals, systemic decline.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

The mechanics of liver regeneration.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Computing in a memory with physics.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Retraction.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Making time.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 9, 2026

Corticospinal Excitability Modulation During Action Observation
12:33

Corticospinal Excitability Modulation During Action Observation

Published on: December 31, 2013

9.5K

Cortical information flow during flexible sensorimotor decisions.

Markus Siegel1, Timothy J Buschman2, Earl K Miller3

  • 1Centre for Integrative Neuroscience and MEG Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. markus.siegel@uni-tuebingen.de.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 20, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Flexible behavior involves brain regions processing sensory input, tasks, and choices. New research reveals a top-down flow of task information and bottom-up sensory flow, enabling sensorimotor choices via frontoparietal networks.

More Related Videos

Multi-layer Cortical Ca2+ Imaging in Freely Moving Mice with Prism Probes and Miniaturized Fluorescence Microscopy
10:35

Multi-layer Cortical Ca2+ Imaging in Freely Moving Mice with Prism Probes and Miniaturized Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: June 13, 2017

32.3K
WheelCon: A Wheel Control-Based Gaming Platform for Studying Human Sensorimotor Control
08:18

WheelCon: A Wheel Control-Based Gaming Platform for Studying Human Sensorimotor Control

Published on: August 15, 2020

5.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 9, 2026

Corticospinal Excitability Modulation During Action Observation
12:33

Corticospinal Excitability Modulation During Action Observation

Published on: December 31, 2013

9.5K
Multi-layer Cortical Ca2+ Imaging in Freely Moving Mice with Prism Probes and Miniaturized Fluorescence Microscopy
10:35

Multi-layer Cortical Ca2+ Imaging in Freely Moving Mice with Prism Probes and Miniaturized Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: June 13, 2017

32.3K
WheelCon: A Wheel Control-Based Gaming Platform for Studying Human Sensorimotor Control
08:18

WheelCon: A Wheel Control-Based Gaming Platform for Studying Human Sensorimotor Control

Published on: August 15, 2020

5.5K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Systems Neuroscience

Background:

  • Flexible behavior relies on integrating diverse neural signals, including sensory input, task context, and behavioral choices.
  • The dynamic evolution and interplay of these signals across different brain regions remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal dynamics and network flow of sensory, task, and choice signals during flexible sensorimotor behavior.
  • To elucidate how information is processed and integrated across multiple cortical areas to support adaptive decision-making.

Main Methods:

  • Simultaneous neuronal recordings from six cortical regions (MT, V4, IT, LIP, PFC, FEF) in monkeys performing a sensory reporting task.
  • Analysis of neural activity patterns to track the flow and evolution of different types of information (sensory, task, choice).

Main Results:

  • A transient bottom-up sweep of sensory information was observed, followed by a sustained top-down flow of task information from frontoparietal to visual cortex.
  • Sensory information propagated from visual areas to parietal and prefrontal cortex.
  • Choice-related signals emerged concurrently in frontoparietal regions and projected to frontal eye fields and sensory cortex.

Conclusions:

  • Flexible sensorimotor choices arise from a frontoparietal network integrating information streams with opposing directional flows.
  • The findings highlight a complex interplay between top-down and bottom-up processing in supporting cognitive flexibility and decision-making.