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Brain Imaging

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 9, 2026

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Investigating Causal Brain-behavioral Relationships and their Time Course

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Investigating Causal Brain-behavioral Relationships and their Time Course

Published on: July 18, 2014

TMS as a Tool for Examining Cognitive Processing.

Naomi Nevler¹, Elissa L Ash

¹Center for Memory and Attention Disorders, Department of Neurology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, 6 Weizmann st., 64239, Tel Aviv, Israel, naomin@tlvmc.gov.il.

Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports

|June 21, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) offers a non-invasive way to study brain function and plasticity. This technique can transiently disrupt or alter cortical activity, aiding in understanding cognition and potentially treating neurological conditions like Alzheimer's disease.

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Last Updated: Apr 9, 2026

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Science
Neuromodulation

Background:

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive technique inducing electric currents to alter neuronal activity.
TMS serves as a unique tool in functional neuroscience for selective cortical activation or inhibition.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the application of TMS in studying functional neuroscience, brain mapping, and structure-function relationships.
To explore the use of TMS in evaluating cognitive processing and inducing transient "virtual lesions" for functional assessment.
To discuss the role of repetitive TMS (rTMS) in studying brain plasticity and its potential as a cognitive enhancer, particularly in Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Main Methods:

Utilizing TMS to selectively activate or inhibit specific cortical structures.
Employing TMS to induce transient "virtual lesions" for cognitive and behavioral evaluation.
Applying repetitive TMS (rTMS) to induce long-term alterations in cortical function and study brain plasticity.

Main Results:

TMS enables the functional mapping of brain structures and networks by studying induced perturbations.
TMS allows for the evaluation of cognitive functions and behavior through transiently induced "virtual lesions".
Repetitive TMS can induce lasting changes in cortical function, offering insights into brain plasticity and potential therapeutic applications in cognitive decline and diseases like AD.

Conclusions:

TMS is a versatile tool for investigating brain function, cognition, and plasticity.
Repetitive TMS holds promise as a therapeutic strategy for cognitive enhancement and managing neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease.