MLN8054 and Alisertib (MLN8237): Discovery of Selective Oral Aurora A Inhibitors

Todd B Sells1, Ryan Chau1, Jeffrey A Ecsedy1

  • 1Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co. , 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.

Insights

Aurora kinases are vital for cell division, and their malfunction is linked to cancer. Investigational drugs MLN8054 and alisertib target Aurora A, with alisertib progressing through clinical trials for various cancers.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Aurora kinases (A and B) are crucial regulators of cell mitosis.
  • Dysregulation of Aurora A and B is implicated in the development of human cancers.
  • Targeting Aurora kinases represents a promising strategy for cancer therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the role of Aurora kinases in cell division and cancer.
  • To introduce investigational Aurora A inhibitors, MLN8054 and alisertib.
  • To discuss the clinical advancement of alisertib in cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Identification and characterization of high-affinity, selective Aurora A inhibitors.
  • Preclinical evaluation of MLN8054 and alisertib.
  • Clinical trial assessment of alisertib in cancer patients.

Main Results:

  • MLN8054 and alisertib demonstrated high affinity and selectivity for Aurora A.
  • Both agents are orally bioavailable.
  • Alisertib has advanced into Phase II and III clinical trials.

Conclusions:

  • Aurora A inhibitors, such as alisertib, show therapeutic potential in oncology.
  • Alisertib's progression in clinical trials underscores its promise for treating hematological malignancies and solid tumors.
  • Targeting Aurora A is a viable strategy for novel cancer drug development.

Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
9.1K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
5.1K
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway01:22

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway

The mammalian target of rapamycin  (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1  (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2  (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast,  mTORC2 consists of a...
6.4K
Inhibition of Cdk Activity02:34

Inhibition of Cdk Activity

The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
6.2K
M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis02:15

M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis

Checkpoints throughout the cell cycle serve as safeguards and gatekeepers, allowing the cell cycle to progress in favorable conditions and slow or halt it in problematic ones. This regulation is known as the cell cycle control system.
Cyclin-dependent kinases, or Cdks, work in concert with cyclins to control cell cycle transitions. M-Cdk, a complex of Cdk1 bound to M cyclin, is a well-known example of this coordinated control that drives the transition from the G2 to the M phase.
M cyclin...
6.8K