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Epidemiological aspects of obstructive sleep apnea
John F Garvey1, Martino F Pengo1, Panagis Drakatos1
11 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland ; 2 Sleep Disorders Centre, Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospitals, London, UK.
Journal of Thoracic Disease
|June 24, 2015
Summary
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a common respiratory disorder, affects a significant portion of middle-aged men and is linked to obesity. OSA negatively impacts quality of life, increases risks for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer, and has economic consequences.
Area of Science:
- Sleep Medicine
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent respiratory disorder, particularly among middle-aged men.
- The rising global obesity epidemic is expected to further increase OSA prevalence.
- OSA significantly diminishes individual quality of life and functional capacity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an epidemiological overview of obstructive sleep apnea.
- To examine the prevalence, economic impact, and comorbidities associated with OSA.
- To highlight OSA as a treatable risk factor for major health issues.
Main Methods:
- Review of epidemiological data on OSA prevalence in the United States and Europe.
- Analysis of the relationship between OSA, obesity, and associated health risks.
- Examination of the societal and economic consequences of OSA.
Main Results:
- Prevalence of clinically significant OSA ranges from 14% to 49% in middle-aged men.
- OSA is associated with increased risks of cardiovascular disease, death, diabetes, and cancer.
- OSA contributes to reduced economic productivity and is a significant risk factor for hypertension, CAD, and stroke.
Conclusions:
- OSA is a widespread and serious health condition with substantial individual and societal costs.
- Effective management of OSA is crucial for mitigating associated health risks and economic burdens.
- Further research into the epidemiological and economic aspects of OSA is warranted.
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